宾语从句详细讲解
宾语从句概念:在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类,动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
1、动词后的宾语从句只要有三种情况,一是动词后面直接带宾语从句;二是有些“动词+副词”结构后可以带宾语从句;三是动词短语后可带宾语从句。
例句:I hope you can join us in the game.我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。(动词后面直接带宾语从句)
Can you figure out what the poet really means in the poem?你能理解诗人在这首诗中的真正用意吗?(动词+副词结构后加宾语从句)
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有错误。(动词短语后加宾语从句)
2、介词后的宾语从句
例句:She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.她总想着如何才能为别人做的更多。
3、形容词后的宾语从句
例句:I am sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气恶劣,他们也会取得成功。
扩展资料:
宾语从句的引导词包括that、if/weather、wh-类连接词。其中that引导宾语从句时无词义,在从句中不做任何成分,口语中一般可以省略;if/weather引导宾语从句时,在句子不做任何成分,但是有具体含义,意为是否,不可省略;wh-类连接词包括连接代词(who、whom、what、which、whoever、whichever等)和连接副词(when、where、why、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。
宾语从句讲解
复习目标】
▲掌握宾语从句的语序。▲掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。
▲掌握宾语从句中,主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应。
【课前准备】要求学生回顾宾语从句的概念及其用法,并用各种引导词各造一个句子。
【知识要点】
1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开。
2.引导宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who, whom, which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词。
7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时,后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,
不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接。
(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
注意上述例句中连词、时态、语序等变化。
求宾语从句讲解
【复习目标】
▲掌握宾语从句的语序。▲掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。
▲掌握宾语从句中,主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应。
【课前准备】要求学生回顾宾语从句的概念及其用法,并用各种引导词各造一个句子。
【知识要点】
1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开。
2.引导宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who, whom, which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词。
7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时,后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,
不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接。
(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
注意上述例句中连词、时态、语序等变化。
英语宾语从句讲解
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
时态:
1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态.
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.
3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时.
宾语从句的连接词:从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.
给我详细的讲解一下宾语从句吧,要求:虽详细,但简短有力,达到言简意赅!
简单的宾语从句
动词/介词/形容词的宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的词。
从属连词/连接代词/连接副词。(如果不想记。那么记住这些词,who,what,how,where,when,why.....)
主语+动词或过去式+连词/代词/副词+陈述语序+主谓宾)
i hope that you can choose my answer。
i’m thinking about wether you (will)choose my answer or not?
i will be glad if you choose my answer.
注 主句一般现在时 从句可用任何时态。
主句过去时,从句用相应的过去时态(如从句表达的是客观真理不变的用现在时)
以上是简单构成,特殊情况特殊记,在了解以上后,其他情况慢慢迎刃而解。
仅供参考 如有出入,请楼下指正。共同学习,共同进步!
怎样讲解较基础的宾语从句
宾语从句与中考试题
学习宾语从句并不难,只要你能过好下面的三道关:
第一关,选好连接词(也有人叫关联词)。
引导宾语从句的连接词,课本上写有三类,但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。
1.连词that:只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如: 1)He knew(that)he should work hard.
2)I am glad(that)you've passed the exam.
2.连词whether或if:它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,口语中多用if。例如: 3)Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?
4)Tom didn't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.
作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大,同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如:
5)He asked me whether or not I was coming.他问我是否要来。(该句中的whether不能换成if,因为if不能与or连用。)
3.连接代词who,whom ,whose,what, which:它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有其自己的意义。例如:
6)The teacher asked the new student which class he was in?(武汉市)(which引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰class,意为“哪个”。)
7)Can you tell me whom he is waiting for?(天津市)
4.连接副词when,where, why,how:起连接作用,分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语,各有其自己的意义。例如:
8)I wonder where he got so much money.对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。(where在从句中作地点状语,修饰got,意为“哪里;什么地方”。)
9)He didn't tell me how old his friend was.(四川省)(how引导宾语从句,作程度状语,修饰old,意为“怎样;如何”等意。)
第二关,牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”。这里特别强调的是,它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序,不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如: 10)You must remember what your teacher said.
11)—Dad,do you know when the football game will start?
—In half an hour.(宁波市)
12)汉译英:你能不能告诉我,我们去看望谁?
误:Can you tell me who(m)do we have to see?
正:Can you tell me who(m)we have to see?
错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构——主语前加了个助动词do。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句,如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris?就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris?”这种错误句子来。但是一旦我们注意了,我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris?”了。
第三关,注意时态的呼应。 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受主句谓语时态的制约,这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如:
13)汉译英:我原以为你今天有空的。 误:I thought(that)you are free today.
正:I thought(that)you would be free today.
错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today,但因为主句谓语是thought,所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be了。
这种时态的呼应,如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制,如上述例句2),3),7),8),10),11),12)。如果主句时态是过去时,宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时(即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。例如: 14)He thought he was working for the people.
15)I heard she had been to the Great W all.
16)John hoped that he would find a job soon.
但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等,则不变化:
17)The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
巩固与检测请做下列2002年中考题:
1.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.(北京市东城区)
A.that B.how C.what D.if
2.—I don't know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.(杭州市)
A.why B.when C.how D.where
3.—We never know _____ the old m an is. —They say he is a teacher. A.what B.who C.which D.where
4.I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A.that how B.how that C.when that D.that when
5.—Do you know _____ ?I'm going to see him. —Sorry,I don't know.(北京市海淀区) A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live
C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived
6.—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer?
—Sorry,I have no idea.(南京市)
A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.does;buy
7.I don't feel very well.Mum asked me _____this morning.(重庆市)
A. what the matter is B.what is wrong
C.what the matter was D.what wrong was
8.—Where is Jack?
—He is away to spend his holiday.He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but I'm not sure _____ .(南昌市)
A.that B.which C.where D.there
Key: 宾语从句与中考试题 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
宾语从句讲解初一
宾语从句就是一个完整的句子作为主句的宾语(可以是动词的宾语或介词宾语)成分。
英语宾语从句麻烦讲解一下宾语从句是什么,该怎么用
1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开。
2.引导宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who, whom, which等,如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He asked who could answer the question.
My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.
6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词。
7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时,后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致。如:
I don't think he looks like his father, does he?
8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,
不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接。
(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:
He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.
(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”
---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句,如:
He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr Wang was.
初中宾语从句讲解
变成宾语从句(直接英语变间接引语)对这两个题来说都是“去掉引号”
初中在这个语法上主要有两个考点(当然还有人称和连接词):
1. 时态(1)引号外是过去时(2)引号外不是过去时
(1)引号外是过去时 (引号外面句子时态决定引号中句子时态)(有特殊情况,此处不说了)
例:''Do you speak English? '' he asked me. -------->
He asked me if I spoke English.
(引号外 he asked me 是过去时,所以''Do you speak English? '' 去引号时,
Speak 也 要 变成过去时 spoke)
例:The student asked Mary,''where do you live?''
The student asked Mary where she lived.( 引号外 The student asked Mary是过去时,所''where do you live?''去引号时,live 也 要 变成过去时 lived)
例:He said,"His mom will go to Paris."--------->
He said his mom would go to Paris.( 引号外 He said是过去时,所以"His mom will go to Paris."去引号时,will 也 要 变成过去时 would)
(2)引号外不是过去时(去引号时,引号中句子时态不变)
''Do you speak English? '' he often asks me.--------->
He often asks me if I speak English.(去引号 句子仍然是一般现在时)
''Did you know him in 2010? '' he often asks me.--------->
He often asks me if I knew him in 2010.(去掉引号 仍然是一般过去时)
2. 语序(要用陈述语序)
(陈述语序就是 把一般疑问句变成陈述句)
如:Did you speak English?——> you spoke English.
where did you live?——> where you lived.
另外 Are they good at PE?——> they are good at PE.
Can he swim? ——> He can swim.
如何讲解宾语从句?让学生容易掌握。
宾语从句=宾语,因为一个单词代替或表达不了原本要表达的意思,所以要用一个从句来代替所以这个从句就叫宾语从句。顾名思义!
1我爱你 你就是宾语 I love you. you 就是宾语
2我不知道(谁打破了窗户) I didnot know who broke the window.我不知道....因为知道这里及物动词,要跟宾语的,但没有一个单词是这样的意思,所以who broke the window=上句话里抽的宾语YOU.
或许你看到这样的句子有不明白了,
I do not care for who will win the game. 因为这里的介词FOR 后面少了成份,而这个成份就是宾语,同时要表达的意思一个单词搞不定,所以就要用宾语从句, 叫介词的宾语从句
同理:代替主语的叫语从主语从句 (what you said =主语)made me angry
代替表语的叫表语从句 the question is (who will win the game=表语) 问题是谁将获胜
从句在句中代替什么成份的就是什么从句
定语从句可能有些不同,但大部分是相同的!概念清晰了,什么就会了!
我碰到了(我三年前爱过的)女孩,I met a girl (who was loved by me 3years ago).
明白了吗?顾名思义,从句代替什么,它就是什么从句!恒古不变