英语中的倒装句用法
大体可把倒装句分为以下几种情况：
一． 全倒装
1． here,there,up,down,in ,out,away,off,now,then等表方向，时间的副词位于句首是，句子常用全倒装。这些句子的谓语动词常是come,go ,lie,live,stand,sit ,seem,remain 等不及物动词。这个结构不用进行时。There stand a tower by the lake.
Now comes your turn.
In he came and the lesson began.
2.当表示方位的介词短语放句首时，句子需全倒装。Under the table lies a wounded young man .
3.表语提到句首需用全倒装，这样往往是因为主语有较长修饰语。
Gone are the days when we used oil lamps.
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.
4．直接引语位于句首时，句子需用全倒装 ，结构如：asked Mary,answered John,said the old lady等。但当主语是人称代词，需用正常语序。”What do you mean?”he asked.
二． 半倒装：
1． 否定意义副词nor,neither ,rarely,never,scarcely,little,hardly,seldom,at no time,by no means,in no way,on no accoune,nowhere,not until,no sooner …thanhardly…when,not only…but also,neither…nor及表示频度的副词：often ,once,many a time,now and then 放句首时，用半倒装。
Seldom does he go to the cinema.
Hardly had he finished his work when he went ot watch the match.
2.only+状语放句首时，句子需半倒装。
Only in this way can you improve your English.
Only because there was some leftover bread did he get some food in the end.
3.so/as 表示“也“时，或so/such…that…的句子中，so 修饰形容词、副词或such修饰名词放句首时，句子需半倒装。
I enjoy swimming ,and so does my brother.
So fast did they run that I couldn’t catch up with them.
4.用于省略了if的非真实条件句。这类句子中有were,had,should等词时，把were,had ,should置于句首 。如：Were I you ,I would refuse to do it.
5.特殊形式的倒装。在as引导的让步状语从句中，要用倒装：
Child as she is ,she knows a lot.(Child 前无冠词a)
Cold as it was,we still went out.
完全倒装句的用法？
1、某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装，条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。
例：Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。
2、当方位副词位于句首时，句子构成完全的倒装。
例：Out rushed the dog when it heard its master’s voice。
一听到主人的声音，这条狗就冲了出去。
3、主系表结构的句子构成的完全倒装。一是出于强调的目的，二是由于主语过长，为了保持句子平衡。
例：Located here is the highest peak in Belgium，with anelevation of 694m。比利时的最高峰位于这里，海拔高度为694米。
4、 当介词短语作状语位于句首时，句子构成的完全倒装。
例：Out of sadness comes the awakening。从悲伤中会清醒过来。
5、当直接引语在前时，句子构成的完全倒装。
当直接引语在前，某人的话语动作在后，则描述某人话语动作的句子可以构成完全倒装。
例：“I don't know of any definite answers I'd becomfortable with，”explains Joseph。
“我还没有任何使我感到满意的确切答案，”约瑟夫解释说。
英语中的倒装句怎么用
英语倒装句的用法
倒装(Inversion)是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子
成分的需要.英语的最基本结构是主、谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构
加以颠倒.
倒装有两种:将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete
Inversion).如:In came a man with a white beard.
只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial
Inversion).如:Only once was John late to class.
英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需
要而进行的倒装.前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情
况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异.下面本文就拟从其修
辞功能谈谈倒装句的用法.
一、 表示强调:
倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:
1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装.
例1:Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你
才可以解决这个问题.
例2:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had
made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误.
2. not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in no
way,never,seldom,not only,no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句
子用部分倒装.
例1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下
起了雨.
例2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班.
3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示
强调so /such和that之间的部分.
例1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要
价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌.
例2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors
walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了.
以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极
佳的修辞效果.
二、 承上启下
有时倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧
接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承
上启下的作用.
例1: They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying
on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她
叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了.一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上.
例2: We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we
are, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不
平.我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋.
三、 制造悬念,渲染气氛
在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒
装来制造悬念,渲染气氛.如:
Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂着一幅精美的图
画.
再如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节:
Out of the bosom of the Air,
Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken,
Over the woodlands brown and bare,
Over the harvest-fields forsaken,
Silent, and soft, and slow,
Descends the snow.
在这一节诗里 ,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装.在前五行中 ,诗人堆砌了七
个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露 ,造成一种悬念效应.全节读
罢 ,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟 ,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果.
四、 平衡结构
英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保
持句子平衡.在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常
采用倒装语序.
1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使
句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序.
例1:A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with
orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders
from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工.
例2:A. On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be
shipped to some other cities.
地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去.
从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采
用自然语序的B句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭.因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语
序以取得理想的表达效果.
2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都
提到主语前.如:
Such would be our home in the future. 我们将来的家就是这个样子.
3. 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡.如:
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的
信在这儿.
五、 使描写生动
有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词
(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句
首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外).如:
Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了.
Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman
pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三
楼跳了下去.
Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了!
Bang came another shot!砰!又是一声枪响!
以上句子简洁明快 ,生动逼真地描述了有关动作 ,令我们一览此类倒装的风
采.但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚.
“Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound.
The tradesman leaves his counter, ... Away they run, pell—mell,
helter—skelter, yelling—screaming, ...
“Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is taking by a hundred
voices, ... Away they fly, splashing through the mud, up go the
window, out run the people. ( Dickens )
作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away, up和out位于句首引出四个倒装
句Away they run , Away they fly, up go the window , out run the
people.从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛 ,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面.
英语中的倒装句的用法有哪些啊？
在英语中，我们把主语在前谓语动词在后的句子叫陈述句，把谓语动词放在主语前面的句子叫倒装句。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。
I. 完全倒装
1. 用于 there be 句型。
例如： There are some students in the classroom.
教室里有几位学生。
There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.
教室的前面有一棵大树。
2. 用于“ here （ there， now， then ）＋不及物动词＋主语”的句型中，或以 in， out， up， down， away 等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。
例如： Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。
注意：
（ 1 ）主语是代词时，主语和谓语不倒装。
（ 2 ） here ， there 放在句首通常用一般现在时。
Here it is. 给你。（你要的东西在这儿。）
Here he comes. 他来了。
3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常将其全部倒装。
例如： South of the city lies a big steel factory.
城市南边有一家大型钢厂。
From the valley came a frightening sound.
从山谷里传来了可怕的声音。
4. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”：
（ 1 ）形容词＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were Mr Li， Mr Wang and many other teachers.
出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师。
（ 2 ）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了。
（ 3 ）介词短语＋ be ＋主语
Among the goods are books， exercise-books， pens and some other things.
在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西。
5. 用于 so， neither ， nor 开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致。
例如： He has been to Canada. So have I.
他去过加拿大，我也去过。
You can't speak French. Neither can she.
你不会说法语，她也不会。
6. 为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或是上下文紧密衔接时。
例如： They arrived at a small village， in front of which was a big river.
他们来到一个小村庄，村庄前面是条大河。
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.
在金字塔里面有埋葬国王和王后的墓室。
II. 部分倒装
1. 用于疑问句。
例如： Do they work in the factory？
他们在这家工厂上班吗？
2. 用于省略的虚拟条件状语从句。
例如： Had I seen him yesterday wouldn't go to his house now.
如果我昨天见到他了，我现在就不去他家了。
3. 用于“形容词（或名词、动词） +as （ though ）”引导的让步状语从句中。例如： Young as he is ， he knows a lot.
他虽然很年轻，但知道很多。
Try as he would， he might failed again.
他虽然可以试试，可能还会失败。
注意：如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前无形容词时，不用冠词；若有形容词要用冠词。
Child as he was， he had to make a living.
他虽是个孩子，但得糊口。
A bad -tempered man as Mr Chen is， he loves us deeply.
陈老师脾气不好，但他深深地爱着我们。
4. 用于 no sooner … than … ， hardly … when 和 not until 等句型。
例如： No sooner had I come in， the telephone rang.
我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。
Not until 12 did he go to sleep.
直到 12 点他才入睡。
5. 用于 never， hardly ， seldom， scarcely， barely， little， at no time， not only 等开头的句子。
Never shall I do this again. 我绝不会再做此事。
Seldom does he come late. 他很少迟到。
6. 用于“ only ＋状语”开头的句子。
Only in the way can we learn English well.
只有这样我们才能学好英语。
Only then did he know he was wrong.
直到那时他才知道他错了。
7. 用于“ so ＋形容词 / 副词”放在句首的 so … that 句子。
例如： So young is the boy that he can't join the army.
这孩子没到参军的年龄。
So fast is he running that he can keep up with the bike.
他跑得快得能跟上自行车。
英语中倒装句的语序是什么？
倒装句的含义:
为了强调、突出等词语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。
倒装句的语序:
谓语+主语+其它成分
英语倒装句怎么用
英语倒装句的用法
类型
1）部分倒装---- 助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型 2）全倒装---- 谓语+主语型 在以下结构中用全倒装
此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1.在there be或者There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….) 句型中；
如There are thousands of people on the square. Thousands of people are there on the square. There lived an old fisherman in the village. 原语序：An old fisherman lived there in the village. There stands a little girl. 正常语序：A little girl stands there.
2.在“here, there, now, thus, then+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be, go, come, lie, run等，主语为名词);
如: Now comes my turn. There goes the bell. Then came the order to leave. Here comes a bus= A bus comes here.
3.在“out\ in, up\ down, off\away，in the distance,on the hill,round the corner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首，且主语又是名词，谓语是表示运动的动词。 Away went the crowed one by one. In came a stranger in black.
Out rushed the children.. Down fell the leaves. On the floor were piles of old books. ☆注意：主语必须是名词
eg: Out she went.There they are. Here he comes. 而Out went the girl. Here comes the boy. *4.有时为了强调表语，构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构； eg: Lucky is she who was chosen to be a leader. =She who was chosen to be a leader is lucky.
Gone are the days when women were looked down upon! The days when women were looked down upon are gone! *5、在某些表示愿望的感叹句，全倒装。
Long live the People's Republic of China! May you be happy. 在以下结构中用部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1.含有否定或半否定意义的词语（如：not,never,seldom,hardly,little,scarcely,barely,few…）；或者含有否定意义的连词（not only…but also.., neither..nor.., no sooner had…than...（一。。。就。。。）， scarely..than.., Hardly had when.., not until...;nowher等）；或否定意义的介词词组（by no means(决不),in no case\way（任何情况下都不）,with no method, at no time（决不）, on no account（决不）,under no circumstances\condition...（任何情况下都不））位于句首eg: I have never seen him before.=Never have I seen him before.
Not a word did he say when he left. Seldom/Scarecely does he go to that park. Hardly(几乎不。。。) do I speak to him. Little English can he speak.Little does he realize the importance of the meeting. Few people did I see in the street. 含有否定意义的连词：
eg：1)Not only can he play basketball, but also I can. 2）No sooner had we arrived home than it began to rain. 3）Hardly had we met our friends when the train left.
4）Not until the baby fell asleep did the mother leave the room.(主句倒装，从句不倒装) =The mother didn’t leave the room until the baby fell asleep.
注意：1)Not only...but also...必须连接两个分句时，才使用部分倒装。而且只倒装not only后的分句。如果连接的是两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。如：Not only his father but also I like reading. 2)Hardly...when..., Scarcely...than..., No sooner...than...意义基本相同，它们连接的句子，都只倒装前一个分句，及“前倒后不倒（装）”。
3)当not until（直到。。。才）引导主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不用倒装，或者可以理解为“后倒前不倒（装）”。 含有否定意义的介词词组：
如：By no means should we tell lies. On no account should we let him leave.
At no time决不will I get married to you. In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him. 注意：in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.only+副词；或介词短语；或状语从句时，主句倒装；
eg: Only in this way can you use the computer well. （only+介词短语） Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.（only+副词） Only when it began to rain did he finish his job.（only+状语从句）
3.so用在句首，表示另一主语“也。。。样”时，用“So + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；而表示另一主语“也不。。。样”时，用“Nor\Neither + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；注意：若是对上文同一主语的情况进行肯定时，不倒装。句型为“So+主语+be或do（did）/have ”。
eg：He went to school yesterday, so did I.
---David has made great progress recently. --So he has, and so have you.
eg：He hasn't finished his homework, and nor have I. eg : If you won't go, neither/nor will I. 4.as 作“尽管／虽然”，引导让步状语从句(as可以换成though)，由于语法需要，需要部分倒装。 eg： Shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest.(倒装后，最高级前不用冠词) Child as he is, he knows a lot.(倒装后，单数名词前不用a)
Fail as I did, I would try again.(倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。) Hard as he tried, he didn't pass the exam.(副词提到句首)
注意：though位于句首引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，也可以不倒装。但as引导让步状语从句时,必须使用倒装。否则就变成了原因状语从句。eg：As he is too young, he couldn't go to school.
5.在”so…that…”和”such…that…”引导的结果状语从句中，当so和such位于句首时，用”so\such + adj + 主语+谓语”；
eg: So difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it.
=The exam was so difficult that most of the students failed to pass it.
6.若if 引导的虚拟条件句中有were, had, should 时， 可将if省略，把were, had , should 放在句首。1) Should it rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball.=If it should rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball. 2)Had I prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job. If I had prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job.
3) Were he to come tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the airport. =If he were to come tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the airport
请举几个英语倒装句的用法以及例子
在英语表达中，为了强调、突出等词语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位，而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。归纳倒装的原因有九种，即疑问、命令、惊叹、假设、平衡、衔接、点题(signpost)、否定和韵律(metrical)。
倒装有两种：全部倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作全部倒装，例如：In front of me stood a boy. (我面前站着一个男孩。)只将谓语动词的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装，例如：Only in this way can we do it better. (只有这样，我们才能做得更好一些)
倒装也有两种情况，即语法倒装(Grammatical Inversion)和修辞倒装(RhetoricalInversion)。语法倒装是由于语法规则的要求而必须进行的倒装，例如：Who called me just now?(刚才谁打给我?)修辞倒装是出于修辞的需要而把正常语序转为倒装语序，例如：Out rushed the children.(孩子们冲了出去)
1、半倒装： 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装， 有以下数种情况：
（1）否定意义的词在句首，句子半倒装， 例如：little，never，not，no，hardly，rarely，seldom
Never shall I forget you. / Atno time was the man aware of what was happening.
Little did I understand what he said to meat that time.
（2）几对并列连词如not only…but also，hardly…when等连接两个并列句，连词在句首， 前句半倒装， 后句不倒装：
Not only was everything he had taken awayfrom him，but also his German citizenship was taken away. /No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.（注意时态）
2、方位状语在句首， 明确的表明指出 地点方位的短句结构的情况。
In front of the house stopped a policecar. / Nearby were two canoes in which they hadcome to the island. / Under the tree sat a boy.
3、直接引语在句首， 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装，遇到直接用冒号引号插入的语句
“What does it mean？”asked the boy或the boy asked.
4、if引theexploited主语would rise up谓语and连take谓语the management宾of society定语out of the hands of the exploiters状语
如果宾语较长或宾语结构比较复杂，往往将宾语后置，采用倒装语序，以使句子保持平衡。本句的宾语由三个并列的名词构成，且第二和第三个名词后又带有限定性定语从句，故采用倒装语序，将动词poured的宾语放在状语into his writings之后。
（1）all the pain……，the fierce hatred……和the conviction……是poured的三个并列的宾语;其中，第一个that引导的定语从句修饰hatred,it had brought to him修饰conviction,在该定语从句中其关系代词作宾语而被省略;第二个that从句则是conviction的同位语从句
（2）在so＋adj.（adv.）＋that从句的句子中，如果so＋adj.（adv.）放在句首，主句就要用部分倒装形式。例如：
So small was the mark that I could hardlysee it.（那记号很小，我几乎就看不到。）
So carelessly did he drive that he almostkilled himself.（他开车如此粗心，几乎杀死自己。）
注：such＋adj.＋n.＋that的句型中倒装用法与so＋adj.（adv.）＋that从句一样。
（3）在as引出的让步状语从句中，常将as放在表语和主语之间，有时也可用though取代其中的as，但不能用although取代as。例如：
Young as he is，he knowsmore than you.（虽然他年轻，但他懂得比你多。）
注：此处的as可以用though取代，但不可用although取代。
Difficult as the work was, it was finishedin time.（尽管工作很难，但及时地完成了。）
5、状语或表语位于句首时的倒装
为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：
Among these people was his friend Jim.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。
By the window sat a young man with amagazine in his hand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
6、在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：
In the box was a cat.箱子里是一只猫。 In the box were some cats.箱子里是一些猫。
注意的句式显得更加生动有趣，可以使行文显得更加活泼，避免死板。
值得注意：英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装，二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的，否则就会出现语法错误；后一种情况，倒装是选择性的，倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。
英语语法中倒装句如何使用？
倒装
英语句子的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后，这种语序称作正常语序或自然语序。但有时出于语法或达到某种修辞目的(强调、承上启下、平衡等)的需要，要把谓语动词放在主语前面，这种语序称作倒装(Inversion)语序。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，称完全倒装(Full Inversion)；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。
1. there be结构的倒装
在“there be”(或there + appear to be，come，exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be) 雪结构中，倒装形式为完全倒装。如：
There were many students in the reading room in this evening.
今晚阅览室里有许多学生。
2. here，there，now，then等引起的倒装
在以here,there,now,then等简短副词引起的句子中(前三个须用一般现在时)，动词往往是be,come,go等时， 这类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。如：
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
但要注意：如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。如：
Here they are. 他们在这儿。
3. 省略if的非真实条件状语从句中的倒装
虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时，were, had, should须移至主语之前。
如：
Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job.
如果你在大学期间读书用功些，现在就会找到一份更好的工作。
4. 副词so， neither， nor等引起的倒装
在用so, nor, neither表示“也/不……”这一类结构里其公式是:
肯定: so+be/have/助动词/情态动词＋主语
否定: Neither(nor)+be/have/助动词/情态动词＋主语。如：
—He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。
—So have I.我也去过。
—They can’t answer the question.他们不会回答这个问题。
—Neither than I.我也不会。
5. what，how引起的倒装
以What, how开头的感叹句(表语或宾语提前)。如：
What beautiful weather (it is)!
多好的天气啊！(表语提前)
What a lovely picture he painted!
他画了一张多好的画啊！(宾语提前)
6. 疑问词或连接词引起的倒装
在疑问词或连接词whether等引起的从句中。如：
Whatever you may say, I won’t go there.
无论你怎样说，我都不会去那儿。(状语从句中宾语提前)
7. 否定词位于句首时引起的倒装
(1). never，seldom，hardly，little，few等引起的倒装
否定词never，seldom，rarely，hardly，barely，scarcely，little，few等位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.
我很少有时间去看电影。
(2). nowhere，no longer，no more等引起的倒装
nowhere(无处)，no longer(不再)，no more(也不)等否定词位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式：
No longer was he in charge of this work.
他不再负责这项工作了。
(3). not until，not a，not in the least等引起的倒装
not until(直到……才)，not a(一个……也没有)，not in the least(一点儿也不)，not for a minute/moment(一点儿也不)等位于句首时，通常引起倒装(not a之后的名词作主语时除外)，其形式通常为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike.
一直到所有的要求遭到拒绝之后，工人们才决定罢工。
(4). under no circumstances，by no means，in no way等引起的倒装
in/under no circumstances(无论如何不)，by no means (决不)，in no case (无论如何不)，in no way (决不)，on no account (决不可)，on no condition(决不)等短语位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
In no case must force be resorted to.
决不准许诉诸武力。
8. 关联连词位于句首时引起的倒装
(1). not only...but also引起的倒装
not only...but also位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时形式或一般过去时形式，则为完全倒装形式。如： Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them.
我们不仅应该不怕困难，而且应该尽最大努力去克服它们。
(2). neither...nor引起的倒装
neither...nor位于句首引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
Neither Peter wanted the responsibility，nor did his wife.
彼得不想担此责任，他妻子也不想担此责任。
(3). hardly...when/no sooner...than引起的倒装
hardly/scarcely/barely...when或no
sooner...than位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
Hardly had he arrived when/No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.
他刚到就又被请走了。
(4). so...that引起的倒装
so...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
So angry was he (He so angry) that he couldn’t speak.
他如此愤怒，以致说不出话来。
(5). such...that引起的倒装
such...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装形式。如：
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
爆炸的威力如此之大，以致所有的窗户都被震破了。
9. only引起的倒装
当副词only位于句首并修饰状语或宾语时，引起句子的倒装，其形式通常为部分倒装，如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则为完全倒装。如：
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。
10. 表语位于句首时所引起的倒装
当作表语的形容词、副词、介词短语等位于句首时，常常引起倒装，其形式为完全倒装：
Aristotle says，“Plato is dear to me，but dearer still is truth.”
亚里斯多德说，“吾爱柏拉图，但更爱真理。”
11. 状语位于句首时所引起的倒装
(1). 当位于句首的状语是一些表示地点的介词短语或表示运动方向的副词（如away，back，down，in，off，out，up）时，常常引起倒装，其形式为全部倒装。如：
Away went the runners.
赛跑手们刷地跑开了。
(2).介词短语作地点状语，放在句首，后面跟的是不及物动词be,come,sit live,stand,lie,exist等时常常引起倒装，其形式为全部倒装。如：
Next to the table is a chair.
桌旁有把椅子。
12. 状语从句中的倒装
(1).让步状语从句中的倒装
as引导的让步状语从句中的倒装：
在as引导的让步状语从句中，位于句首的可以是形容词、名词、副词，还可以是谓语动词的一部分，从而形成从句的部分倒装。如：
Tires as he was, he continued the work.
虽然他累了，但是仍然继续工作。
(2).方式状语从句中的倒装
as引导的方式状语从句一般为正常语序，但是，如果主语比谓语长，可将谓语动词置于主语之前，形成完全倒装。如：
He believed，as did all his family，that the king was the supreme lord.
他和他全家人一样，都认为国王是至高无上的君主。
(3).比较状语从句的倒装
than引导的比较状语从句中的倒装：
由than引导的比较状语从句一般为正常语序。但是，如果主语较长，可将谓语动词置于主语之前，形成完全倒装：
Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than does eastern Nebraska.
内布拉斯加西部地区的降雪通常比东部地区少。
13. the more...，the more...结构中的倒装
在以the more...， the more...引导的倒装结构中，采用部分倒装；如果主句的主语较长，可将谓语动词置于主语之前，形成完全倒装。如：
The more books you read（宾语提前），the wider your knowledge is（表语提前）．
书读得越多，知识就越渊博。
英语中的倒装句
倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。
改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例题
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。
注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。
注意：
1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:
让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
其他部分倒装
1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：
May you all be happy.
3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例题：
1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案为D. 否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。
2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案为B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析：答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。